Visceral fat, a type of fat stored in the abdomen, and buildup of fat within the liver are known to increase type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart disease risk. This study aims to see how these types of fat affect artery health. We studied 6760 Canadian adults to examine how visceral and liver fat relate to the buildup of fatty plaque deposits in arteries, and 26,547 adults from the United Kingdom to see how these fats affect artery thickness. Combined results confirm that narrowed arteries and plaque buildup are strongly related to visceral fat, and to a lesser extent liver fat. These results suggest that lowering visceral fat may prevent or slow the progression of atherosclerosis.